Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1965. Léon M'ba served as first President of Gabon from 1961 to 1967.ĭawda Jawara served as first Prime Minister of the Gambia from 1962 to 1970. Menelik II is the founder of modern Ethiopian state. Yekuno Amlak founded the Solomonic dynasty and was the first emperor of the Ethiopian Empire from 1270 to 1285 A.D. Menelik I is claimed to be first the first Emperor of Ethiopia during the 10th century B.C (975–950 B.C). He is considered to be the first King of modern Eswatini. Ngwane III was King of kaNgwane from 1745 to 1780.

Isaias Afwerki serves as first President of Eritrea from 1993 to present. British military presence in Egypt ended with nationalisation of Suez Canal in 1956.įrancisco Macías Nguema served as first President of Equatorial Guinea from 1968 to 1979. Zaghloul then was able to make the Sultan of Egypt (later King) Fuad I convince the British to grant Egypt independence with a friendly British-Egyptian relationship and in 1922, Egypt was proclaimed an independent kingdom, the Kingdom of Egypt with Saad Zaghloul as its prime minister. The Founder of Independent Egypt, Saad Zaghloul (1859–1927), was a politician who served in many ministries of the Egyptian government, and was imprisoned by the British government in Malta, but returned to Egypt to participate in the revolution of 1919. While failing to achieve formal independence for Egypt during his lifetime, he was successful in laying the foundation for a modern Egyptian state. The prevailing historical view is that Muhammad Ali (1769–1849) is the Father of Modern Egypt, being the first ruler since the Ottoman conquest in 1517 to permanently divest the Porte of its power in Egypt. The ruler who unified upper and lower Egypt is widely identified with Narmer or Menes, who are regarded by many scholars as the same person. There is no agreed founder of Egypt as the area was politically unified around 3000 BC and has since endured multiple changes in terms of government and polities. Hassan Gouled Aptidon served as first President of Djibouti from 1977 to 1999.Įgypt Saad Zaghloul is seen as the founder of independent Egypt. Patrice Lumumba, Joseph Kasa-Vubu, Albert Kalonji, Jean Bolikango, Cléophas Kamitatu, and Paul Bolya are all considered 'Fathers of Independence' in the Congo. The constitution outlines him as being the 'Founding Father.'įrançois Tombalbaye served as first President of Chad from 1960 to 1975.Īhmed Abdallah (State of the Comoros First president of the Federal and Islamic Republic of the Comoros) Ali Soilih (State of the Comoros First president) Azali Assoumani (Union of the Comoros)įulbert Youlou served as first President of the Republic of the Congo from 1960 to 1963.ĭemocratic Republic of the Congo Aristides Pereira served as first President of Cape Verde from 1975 to 1991.ĭavid Dacko served as first President of Central African Republic from 1960 to 1966. He is considered a founder of Cape Verde. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, several months before Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence.

Amílcar Cabral led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau. He was also one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders. Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral) (1924–1973) was an agricultural engineer, writer, and a nationalist thinker and political leader. Michel Micombero was the first President of Burundi from 1966 to 1976Īhmadou Ahidjo served as first President of Cameroon from 1960 to 1982.Īmílcar Cabral (var. Thomas Sankara served as first President of Burkina Faso from 1983 to 1987. Seretse Khama served as first President of Botswana from 1966 to 1980. Hubert Maga served as first President of Dahomey from 1960 to 1963. They can also be military leaders of a war of independence that led to the establishment of a sovereign state.Īhmed Ben Bella served as first Prime Minister of Algeria from 1962 to 1963, then as first President of Algeria from 1963 to 1965.Īgostinho Neto served as first President of Angola from 1975 to 1979. National founders are typically those who played an influential role in setting up the systems of governance, (i.e., political system form of government, and constitution), of the country. The following is a list of national founders of sovereign states who were credited with establishing a state. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)

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